Aqueous film forming foams are enriched with water and chemical substances such as polyethylene glycol that prolong the foam’s life. Firefighting foams are supplied by mixing water into concentrate. It comes in three percent or six percent formulas according to the amount of water in the mix. Firefighters can use AFF to stop the ignition in fires where water alone cannot be effective. To make a mixture of foam and create a film enabling the extinguishing of fire, AFFF formulations contain chemical compounds known as perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Manufacturers use PFAS in industrial and consumer products.
Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)
The use of Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) as a fire suppressant has been essential in firefighting, particularly for tackling petroleum-based fires and other Class B fires involving flammable liquids. AFFF aids in fire suppression by forming a film that cools the fire and prevents the release of flammable vapors. Despite its effectiveness, concerns have arisen regarding the toxicity of AFFF and its potential health impacts on individuals exposed to it. AFFF contains per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have been linked to various health problems. This article explores the toxicity of AFFF, the nature of exposures, and the illnesses associated with its use.
Mass Tort America is committed to helping those affected by AFFF exposure. We understand the gravity of the situation and the potential health implications for those exposed to these toxic chemicals. Our team of dedicated professionals is ready to assist you in navigating the complexities of this issue, ensuring you receive the support and compensation you deserve.
Understanding AFFF And Its Toxicity
AFFF is a firefighting foam designed to rapidly extinguish flammable liquid fires by forming a film that cuts off oxygen from the fuel surface. This foam contains PFAS, a group of man-made chemicals that are resistant to water, oil, and heat. PFAS are often referred to as “forever chemicals” because they do not break down easily in the environment or the human body.
The toxicity of AFFF arises primarily from its PFAS content. PFAS chemicals can accumulate in the human body over time, leading to long-term health effects. Studies have shown that exposure to PFAS can result in various adverse health outcomes, including liver damage, thyroid disease, decreased fertility, high cholesterol, obesity, hormone suppression, and cancer. These health risks have prompted significant concern and led to increased scrutiny of AFFF use and disposal. Environmental concerns related to PFAS contamination include the potential toxic effects on humans and animals, as well as the risk of cancer. Additionally, the storage, disposal, and historic uses of PFOS-based AFFF have been under review, with recommendations for its removal from use, proper disposal methods, and identification of contamination above cleanup levels associated with releases of AFFF.
Environmental contamination is another major issue associated with AFFF. PFAS can leach into groundwater and soil, causing widespread contamination. This contamination poses risks not only to human health but also to wildlife and ecosystems. The persistence and bioaccumulation potential of PFAS makes them particularly dangerous, as they can spread through water systems and enter the food chain. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued regulations and guidance to address the adverse health effects of PFAS, including prohibiting the use of certain PFAS and regulating discharges of AFFF by vessels to surface waters.
Routes Of Exposure To AFFF
Exposure to AFFF can occur in several ways, primarily affecting firefighters, military personnel, and communities near training sites and airports where AFFF is frequently used. Regulations and training for fire departments regarding the use of AFFF and AR-AFFF are crucial, including directives for Department of Defense fire departments to stop using these foams by 2024 and efforts to collect and dispose of them.
A fire suppression test is often conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of AFFF in extinguishing flammable liquid fires, such as fuel fires. This test plays a significant role in understanding AFFF exposure.
Direct contact with AFFF, inhalation of its vapors, and ingestion of contaminated water is the most common exposure routes. Firefighting foams often contain foam concentrate, which is mixed to create various types of foams such as AFFF and AR-AFFF.
Firefighters are at a higher risk due to their frequent use of AFFF in training and emergency responses. During firefighting activities, firefighters can come into direct contact with the foam, inhale its fumes, or accidentally ingest it. Prolonged exposure increases the likelihood of PFAS accumulation in their bodies, raising their risk of developing associated health issues.
Communities near military bases and airports also face exposure risks. These sites often have high levels of AFFF usage, leading to contamination of local water supplies. Residents may unknowingly consume contaminated water or come into contact with contaminated soil, resulting in PFAS exposure. The widespread use of AFFF in these areas underscores the need for rigorous environmental monitoring and remediation efforts.
Health Effects And Illnesses Linked To AFFF Exposure
The health effects of exposure to toxic firefighting foam, such as AFFF, are wide-ranging and can be severe. PFAS exposure has been linked to various types of cancer, including kidney and testicular cancer. The health risks associated with AFFF foam also include immune system suppression, which can reduce the body’s ability to fight infections and respond to vaccines.
AFFF is primarily used to extinguish flammable liquid fires such as fuel fires, commonly in military settings, airfields, ships, and firefighting foam training. However, its use is being phased out due to its link to serious health conditions like cancer.
Endocrine disruption is another significant concern, as PFAS can interfere with hormone production and regulation. This disruption can lead to reproductive issues, developmental delays in children, and an increased risk of metabolic disorders. Additionally, PFAS exposure has been linked to liver damage, manifesting as elevated liver enzymes and liver enlargement.
Chronic exposure to PFAS can also impact cardiovascular health. Research indicates that PFAS can lead to elevated cholesterol levels, increasing the risk of heart disease. The potential for long-term health effects underscores the importance of understanding and mitigating exposure to AFFF, particularly for vulnerable populations such as firefighters and residents near contaminated sites.
June 15, 2024 – Over 150 AFFF Lawsuits Filed So Far In June
The United States District Court is currently hearing 8400 firefighting foam suits against AFFF. AFFF’s MDL continues to grow because of strong scientific evidence for causality and the lack of exciting consolidated cases in the United Kingdom over the past decade. Science shows that the use of PFAS in firefighters and other inflammatory conditions is linked to kidney disease and testiculosis in humans. In addition, evidence of a correlation between AFFF firefighting foam and liver cancer and thyroid cancer is very strong.
How Can Mass Tort America Help You?
If you or a loved one has been exposed to AFFF and are experiencing health issues, Mass Tort America is here to help. We specialize in handling complex cases involving toxic exposures, ensuring that our clients receive the justice and compensation they deserve. Our experienced team understands the intricacies of AFFF-related cases and is dedicated to providing comprehensive support throughout the legal process.
Our Concierge Team is available to assist you from start to finish, coordinating everything needed to build a strong case. We offer personalized attention and expert guidance, helping you navigate the challenges of your situation with confidence. Contact us today at 800-356-4338 or visit our contact form at https://masstortamerica.com/contact/ to discuss your case and learn more about how we can assist you.
At Mass Tort America, we are committed to fighting for your rights and ensuring you receive the compensation you deserve. Don’t face this battle alone—reach out to our team today and let us help you secure the justice and support you need. Call us at 800-356-4338 or fill out our contact form at https://masstortamerica.com/contact/ to get started.
